Transcarpathia - A stumbling block BETWEEN HUNGARY AND UKRAINE
(Transcarpathia - in Hungary the region is called PODCARPATHIA: CARPATHALIA (Kárpátalja - "Lower Carpathians", "near the Carpathians"). Having invaded the Carpathian basin at the very end of the 9th century, the Hungarian nomads settled there, conquered the whole basin and created their own state there. In Transcarpathia, Hungary lasted for 900 years, including the most severe territorial amputations by the victors of the First World War during the Paris Peace Conference, since at that time, in the spring and summer of 1919, in Hungary (imitating the example of the SovietRussia) the power of the Soviets of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Deputies was established - its government was ignored, they were not allowed to attend the peace conference, and accordingly Hungary lost the opportunity to defend its interests - and when representatives of already counter-revolutionary Hungary were invited to negotiations, she was presented before the facts.
Rusyns call their land: PODKARPATSKA RUSSIA. Under this name they would like to have their autonomy (and, possibly, even statehood)
During the Hungarian Soviet Republic (more precisely, the Republic of Councils of Hungary - March 21 - August 1, 1919), a plan was developed to create autonomy for Ruthenians, under the same name "Subcarpathian Rus" (at one time, Ruthenians in Hungary were even called: "Carpatorosok" - "Carpathian Russians": "oros" is "Russian" in Hungarian).
At the end of April 1919, the Romanians (who also claimed Transcarpathia) invaded there. The Hungarian Red Army still managed to get them out of there. But a few days later, the Czechs surged behind. The Red Army no longer had the strength to deal with it. I had to evacuate - and the Czechs occupied Transcarpathia. Peace Conference of 1919 and awarded it to them.
In October 1938 - about a month after the Munich Conference - the “First Vienna Arbitration” adopted a decree according to which part of southern Slovakia and the border areas of Transcarpathia — populated mainly by Hungarians — were returned to Hungary. (This is Hitler and Mussolini, at the request of Hungary, met in Vienna, ordering the Czechs to give Hungary the mentioned territories). March 15, 1939 - using the collapse of Czechoslovakia and the formation of a puppet Slovak state, Hungarian troops entered the rest of Transcarpathia and completely occupied it. To the joy of the Hungarian elites, Hungary again shared a common border with Poland friendly to Hungary. However, six months later, she became Soviet-Hungarian. The USSR ceased to be Hungary's neighbor in 1991, with the collapse of the USSR and the formation of Ukraine.
By early November 1944, the Soviet Army completely completed the liberation of Transcarpathia. The descent of the Rusyns (of course: no one asked the Hungarians) expressed a desire to join the USSR. On June 29, 1945, the USSR and Czechoslovakia entered into an agreement according to which the latter ceded Transcarpathia to the USSR.
The Rusyns wanted to become a separate Soviet republic - fearing to get into the Ukrainian SSR. For Ukrainians have never recognized the Rusyns as an independent nation. The request of the Rusyns was ignored, and in 1946 Transcarpathia was included in the Ukrainian SSR.
In August 1991. - with the unilateral exit of Ukraine from the USSR - the Hungarian elite shone with joy. A couple of days earlier - during the dramatic events in Moscow - the elite was in panic. After all, Hungary, its government, played the most active role in the elimination of what was left of the "social camp". According to the version of the then Prime Minister, Antall József, it was he who gave Gorbachev the idea of the immediate dissolution of the Warsaw Treaty Organization - to which, after a little thought, he agreed. In those August days, the elite was in a panic: what if the Communists in Moscow would prevail, and the Soviet army would return. Personally, Antall - by his own admission later - already saw himself and his party members in a freight car, which follows to Siberia. (Although it is not known who would arrest him - after all, the Soviet troops left back in mid-June. And everyone knew that their way back to the center of Europe was only through a new world war.)
Incredible was their joy when Ukraine proclaimed its lack of land. Foreign Minister Geza Jenski (JESZENSZKY Géza) - probably the most mediocre and stupid minister in the entire century-long history of Hungarian diplomacy - immediately rushed to Kiev, establish diplomatic relations and sign fundamental interstate agreements with Ukraine. AND NOTHING ASKING FOR ANYTHING IN EXCHANGE. Without asking, for example, the new state to recognize and comply with the results of the local referendum of March 1991, when the vast majority of Transcarpathian residents spoke in favor of the autonomy of the region. (Even the right-wingers are now scolding the stupid Yesen.)
Over the entire period, this has determined and continues to determine the approach of official Hungary to Ukraine, and to Donbass. The essence was formulated by the "wise man of the nation" - a rather limited head of the committee on international affairs and European integration of the Hungarian parliament, Zsolt Nemeth. (Present also on the Maidan) political act
(Transcarpathia - in Hungary the region is called PODCARPATHIA: CARPATHALIA (Kárpátalja - "Lower Carpathians", "near the Carpathians"). Having invaded the Carpathian basin at the very end of the 9th century, the Hungarian nomads settled there, conquered the whole basin and created their own state there. In Transcarpathia, Hungary lasted for 900 years, including the most severe territorial amputations by the victors of the First World War during the Paris Peace Conference, since at that time, in the spring and summer of 1919, in Hungary (imitating the example of the SovietRussia) the power of the Soviets of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Deputies was established - its government was ignored, they were not allowed to attend the peace conference, and accordingly Hungary lost the opportunity to defend its interests - and when representatives of already counter-revolutionary Hungary were invited to negotiations, she was presented before the facts.
Rusyns call their land: PODKARPATSKA RUSSIA. Under this name they would like to have their autonomy (and, possibly, even statehood)
During the Hungarian Soviet Republic (more precisely, the Republic of Councils of Hungary - March 21 - August 1, 1919), a plan was developed to create autonomy for Ruthenians, under the same name "Subcarpathian Rus" (at one time, Ruthenians in Hungary were even called: "Carpatorosok" - "Carpathian Russians": "oros" is "Russian" in Hungarian).
At the end of April 1919, the Romanians (who also claimed Transcarpathia) invaded there. The Hungarian Red Army still managed to get them out of there. But a few days later, the Czechs surged behind. The Red Army no longer had the strength to deal with it. I had to evacuate - and the Czechs occupied Transcarpathia. Peace Conference of 1919 and awarded it to them.
In October 1938 - about a month after the Munich Conference - the “First Vienna Arbitration” adopted a decree according to which part of southern Slovakia and the border areas of Transcarpathia — populated mainly by Hungarians — were returned to Hungary. (This is Hitler and Mussolini, at the request of Hungary, met in Vienna, ordering the Czechs to give Hungary the mentioned territories). March 15, 1939 - using the collapse of Czechoslovakia and the formation of a puppet Slovak state, Hungarian troops entered the rest of Transcarpathia and completely occupied it. To the joy of the Hungarian elites, Hungary again shared a common border with Poland friendly to Hungary. However, six months later, she became Soviet-Hungarian. The USSR ceased to be Hungary's neighbor in 1991, with the collapse of the USSR and the formation of Ukraine.
By early November 1944, the Soviet Army completely completed the liberation of Transcarpathia. The descent of the Rusyns (of course: no one asked the Hungarians) expressed a desire to join the USSR. On June 29, 1945, the USSR and Czechoslovakia entered into an agreement according to which the latter ceded Transcarpathia to the USSR.
The Rusyns wanted to become a separate Soviet republic - fearing to get into the Ukrainian SSR. For Ukrainians have never recognized the Rusyns as an independent nation. The request of the Rusyns was ignored, and in 1946 Transcarpathia was included in the Ukrainian SSR.
In August 1991. - with the unilateral exit of Ukraine from the USSR - the Hungarian elite shone with joy. A couple of days earlier - during the dramatic events in Moscow - the elite was in panic. After all, Hungary, its government, played the most active role in the elimination of what was left of the "social camp". According to the version of the then Prime Minister, Antall József, it was he who gave Gorbachev the idea of the immediate dissolution of the Warsaw Treaty Organization - to which, after a little thought, he agreed. In those August days, the elite was in a panic: what if the Communists in Moscow would prevail, and the Soviet army would return. Personally, Antall - by his own admission later - already saw himself and his party members in a freight car, which follows to Siberia. (Although it is not known who would arrest him - after all, the Soviet troops left back in mid-June. And everyone knew that their way back to the center of Europe was only through a new world war.)
Incredible was their joy when Ukraine proclaimed its lack of land. Foreign Minister Geza Jenski (JESZENSZKY Géza) - probably the most mediocre and stupid minister in the entire century-long history of Hungarian diplomacy - immediately rushed to Kiev, establish diplomatic relations and sign fundamental interstate agreements with Ukraine. AND NOTHING ASKING FOR ANYTHING IN EXCHANGE. Without asking, for example, the new state to recognize and comply with the results of the local referendum of March 1991, when the vast majority of Transcarpathian residents spoke in favor of the autonomy of the region. (Even the right-wingers are now scolding the stupid Yesen.)
Over the entire period, this has determined and continues to determine the approach of official Hungary to Ukraine, and to Donbass. The essence was formulated by the "wise man of the nation" - a rather limited head of the committee on international affairs and European integration of the Hungarian parliament, Zsolt Nemeth. (Present also on the Maidan) political act
